Beverage making machine and process



July 13, 1943. F. R. HOOP 2,324,395

BEVERAGE MAKING MACHINE AND PROCESS Filed March 6, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 y 3, 1943. F. R. HOOP 2,324,395

BEVERAGE MAKING MACHINE AND PROCESS Filed March 6, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 13, 1943. F. R. HOOP BEVERAGE MAKING MACHINE AND PROCESS 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 6 194].

\hvefiiw Fed 'R. oo b momwg July 13, 1943. F. R. HOOP 2,324,395

BEVERAGE MAKING MACHINE AND PROCESS Filed March 6, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 F. R. HOOP 2,324,395

BEVERAGE MAKINGMACHINE AND PROCESS Filed March 6, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet s July 13, 1943.

OK 9 1 W- O M H \n g .u 3 o E? 1m 1.. m w

.July 13, 1943.

s Sheets-Sh'e et 6 Filed March 6, v1941"w Patented July 13, 1943 nmaaoe MAKING MACHINE arm raoosss Fred a. not, Grand Rapids, Mich, assignor w Froid Laboratories, Inc., Grand Rapids, Mich,

a corporation of Michigan Application March 6, 1941, Serial No. 382,041

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for automatically producing a semi-liquid beverage. In its preferred form the product is semi-frozen and of thick consistency so that it may either be drunk or eaten with a spoon. The consistency of the product however, may be varied by varying the degree of coldness to which it is submitted and by varying the ingredients of the mixture.

The invention has for its objects the continuous automatic mixing and cooling or freezing of ingredients in predetermined proportions and delivering the finished product. It provides means for continuous operation as long as desired or for intermittent operation for any desired length of time.

Means are provided to preserve the contents of the machine in good condition during idle periods so that they may be instantly delivered when desired.

The machine provides means for easy cleaning or washing and disassembly and means for rendering part of the cooling system inoperative for the purpose of cleaning.

Means to automatically maintain thedesired temperature are provided including means for lowering the temperature during operation and for automatically raising the temperature during idle periods.

The machine. provides improved cooling and delivering mechanism and freezer construction and improved water cooler construction.

An improved powder measuring and feeding and water measuring and delivery apparatus are provided.

The invention provides various other novel features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a diagram of the complete device showing the various parts in diagrammatic form.

' Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the machine with conventional parts eliminated.

Fig; 3 is a sectional plan view of the machine on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detailelevation illustrating part of the driving mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on the line I5 7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation through the axis of the freezing cylinder and ingredient feeding device.

Fig. 'l is a fragmentary sectional elevation on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6.

partly in section of the mixer shaft and blades in partly disassembled position.

Fig. 9 is a cross section of the freezing cylinder and mixer on the line 9-4 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a side view of one of. the mounted mixing disks.

11 is a cross section of the water pump on the line il-ii of Fig. 6.

Fig. 12 is a sectional elevation of the water tank and float valve mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation of the water cooler on the line 13-!3 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the water cooler.

Fig. 15 is an elevation of one of the thermostatically operated switches with the cover removed, and

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary elevation, partly in section, showing the detachable connection between the pump shaft and the powder feed.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in all of the figures.

General description The machine has been especially designed to use a powder containing different ingredients to be mixed with water and to produce a product resembling what is generally known as malted milk" or in other words a flavored malted milk product but the product made by this machine differs from the ordinary product in that it is considerably thickened and aerated. Both the ingredients of the powder and the action of the machine combine to produce the desired consistency. The product is semi-frozen and therefore must remain in the freezing cylinder for a considerable period after the ingredients are first introduced and mixed to arrive at that semifrozen state and the machine has been carefully 4 designed both as to structure and operation and maintenance of the proper temperature so that a uniform product of the desired consistency is always delivered from the machine. I

The machine comprises va freezing cylinder 1 into which powder and cooled water are deposited in automatically measured quantities at one end of the cylinder and-delivered as the finished product from the other end of the cylinder. The hopper 2 contains the powder which is fed into the cylinder by an automatic feeding and measuring device and a water pump 3 automatically pumps and measures water and deposits it into the cylinder I along with the powder. The water delivered from the pump 3 passes through the pipe 4, before entering the freezing cylinder, into the Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary elevation, water cooler 5 where it is cooled to a uniform loosely 'erant to the water cooler and freezing cylinder 2 asses is controlled by suitable conventional means (not shown) such as a restricted passage or a float valve or a thermostatically actuated expansion valve, these means of controlling the entrance of compressed refrigerant into the expansion cells being well known to those skilled in the art.

The temperatures of the water cooler and freezing cylinder are controlled by thermostatically actuated electric switches i2 and I2 respectively which in turn-actuate valves l2 and l2 s in two outlet pipes i2 and 22 which return the evaporated refrigerant from the cooling device through the compressor 1.

'It is desired to clean the freezing cylinder at intervals and for that purpose provision is made to shut on the entrance of refrigerant to the cylinder coil and also to stop the flow of evaporated refrigerant therefrom. To accomplish this an electrically actuated shut off valve 2i is placed in the supply pipe i2., This valve 21 is supplied with current through a manual switch 22 and when the switch 22 is opened to break the circuit of the valve 2| it automatically closes. The manual switch 22 also controls the circuit to the switch l2 which controls the temperature of the freezing cylinder by actuating the valve l2 and the switch i2 is also made ineffective by opening the switch 22 causing the valve l2 to remain closed.

However to avoid undue pressure accumulating in the cooling .coils of the cylinder I when both the inlet valve 2i and the outlet valve l2 are closed a pressure actuated switch 22 is provided connected with the outlet pipe l2 ahead of the valve i2 and is electrically connected with the valve l6 so that pressure above a predetermined point will act to open the valve l2 and relieve the pressure through the return pipe l2.

For washing purposes a water pipe 22 provided with a hand operated valve 25 leads to the interior of the cylinde l and supplies uncooled or warm water for cleaning purposes.

Specific description The freezing cylinder i has its inner end permanently closed by a head 22 audits outer end closed by a removable head 2|. A drive shaft 22 enters the cylinder through its head 22 where it is connected with the mixer shaft 22 on which are mounted mixing devices hereafter explained.

An entrance spout 22 leads upwardly fromthe inner end of the cylinder 1 and communicates with the powder hopper 2 which is located above it. The powder hopper is preferably of cylindrical form and has a bottom 22 in which is an'outlet opening 26 communicating with the entrance spout 22. Directly above the bottom 25 is a rotatable disk 31 having a series of notches 22 in its periphery. The notches 22 successively register with the opening 22 as the disk is rotated.

A housing 22 is located above the disk 21 at its periphery and a, spur wheel 22 is mounted to rotate in the housing 22. The spur wheel 22 is provided with spurs or short cylindrical projections 2i which successively, enter the notches 22 as the wheel rotates causing the disk 21 to. rotate and also pushing powde from the notches 22 through the opening 22 from-where it drops through the spout 22' into the rear end of the cylinder I.

The hopper 2 contains powder and to prevent caking of the powder so that it will not enter the notches 22 an agitating device is provided which comprises an agitator 22 having a series of arms extending radialLv and resting upon the upper surface of the disk 21. This agitator 22 is formed as a part of the housing 22 and is pivoted at the axis of the disk 21. A vertical groove 22 is formed in the inner face of the housing 22- and a roller 22 mounted eccentrically on the spur wheel 22 traverses the groove 25 and as the wheel rotates the housing 22 and agitator 22 are caused to oscillate.

A stirring device in the nature of a spoked wheel 21 is located above the agitator 22 and rotates with the disk 22. A stud 22 enters through the bottom 25 of the hopper and pro- .iects slightly above it and serves as an axis about which the disk 21 rotates, said disk having a slotted hub 22 attached to it. The agitator 22 has a central opening which receives the hub 22 of the disk 22 and the'spoked wheel 21 has.a hub 22 with a pin 5|, the hub 52 passing over the upper end of the hub 22 and the pin 2| entering the slot in the hub 22 which causes the wheel 21 to rotate with the disk 21.

The spur wheel 22 has a flange 22a (Fig. 2) which is detachably connected by means of pins 221) to a drive disk 52a on a shaft 25 for the water pump 2. The aforedescribed parts of the powder feed device may be easily disassembled for cleaning by simply lifting them apart. The mixing wheel 21 lifts from the hub 22 of the feeding disk 21. The agitator 22, including the housing 22, lifts from its support on the upper-surface of the feeding disk 21. The spur wheel 22 lifts from its connecting pins 22b and the feeding disk 21 lifts off the stud 22. These parts are reassembled in the same simple manner. The fact that the spur wheel 22 is driven by the water diaphragm by a connecting rod 22. Water is admitted to the chamber 21 through a pipe 22- and an inlet check valve 2| on one movement of the diaphragm and is emitted from the chamber 21 through the outlet check valve 22 on the opposite movement of the diaphragm from where it passes through the pipe 2 to the water coolers The construction of this pump is conventional excepting that the eccentric 52 is adjustable to vary the amount of water delivered at each stroke. The eccentric 52 is adjustable rotatably upon an eccentric 22 which is fixed to the shaft 25, the eccentric, 22 being retained in its Y adjusted position by means of a set screw 22.

In order to obtain water not under pressure to supply the pump a float chamber 22 (Fig. 12) is provided to which water is lead by a pipe 22 from a suitable source such as city water supply. The pipe extends downwardly to near the bottom of the chamber 25 where it is provided with a cap 21 having an opening through it communicating with the end of the pipe. A

housing I is attached to the cap 01 and contains a disk valve I. which is actuated by a pin ll extending through the housing. The housing I. is provided with radial water outlet open- Inga "a.

The pin II is mounted on a lever II which is pivoted at 12 to a plate I! which forms a part of the frame of the device. Links I4 and II and a lever It are pivotally connected together and the link II is plvotally connected to the plate I8 at 11. This forms a compound leverage to operate the pin ll against the disk 8! and this train of levers is actuated by a float II connected to the lever ll so that when the float is raised by water in the chamber is to a predetermined height the disk valve OI will close thereby maintaining a substantially constant water level in the chamber. The pipe III lead- .ing to the pump '3 extends to a point near the bottom of the chamber II.

A motor ll (Fig. 2) drives the drive shaft 22 of the cylinder I by means of a belt ll passing over a pulley l2 fixed to the shaft I2. A pulley l! is fixed to the shaft 22 and a pulley N is fixed to the pump shaft It. A belt ll passes around the pulleys II and and also around an idler pulley ll (Figs. 3 and 4) mounted on a lever I! which is pivoted to the frame of the machine at II. This lever can be manually moved from the position in which the idler ll holds the belt tight to a position in which the idler loosens the belt so that it will not drive. A spring II anchored to a bracket II tends to hold the lever II in either of the positions to which it is moved. The object of the movable idler I. is to release the belt so that operation of the shaft 32 will not drive the pump nor powder feeding mechanism during the time the machine is being cleaned at which time it is desired to rotate the mixing device in the cylinder I.

The mixer shaft 33 in the freezing cylinder I is provided on its inner end with a coupling member 05 (Figs. 6 and 8) having a central opening to receive the end of the drive shaft 32 and having a flange it with holes I1 therein to receive pins 28 extending from a coupling flangefixed to the drive shaft 22.. This provides a detachable coupling between the drive shaft 32 and the mixer shaft 23. The two shafts may be disconnected by merely drawing the shaft II endwise. Theforward end of the shaft 23 has a journal hearing I" in the front detachable head ll of the cylinder.

A series of mixing and advancing and retarding devices are mounted on the mixer shaft a. one of these, in the nature of a disk I05 having inclined blades being carried on the shaft 32 near the inner end of the cylinder and located between the coupling flanges 86 and 99 and having openings through which the pins 98 pass. Another similar disk Ilii having inclined blades is mounted on the forward end of the coupling II and is removable with the shaft 33.

The shaft 23 has a spline I01 extending nearly its whole length. Three sets of mixing devices are provided which are removably mounted on the shaft 22 and caused to rotate therewith by the spline Ill. Each of these sets of mixing devices'has two spaced apart heads Ill and each head is provided with a hub I", each hub having a central opening to'receive the shaft 32 and a keyway Illa. to receive the spline I If. The two spaced apart heads are connected by shafts III located near the peripheries of the shafts and having their respective ends flxed to said heads Ill (see Fig. 9). The heads I" are preferably made of sheet metal and have inclined,blades III spaced around their peripheries.

On each of the shafts I I2 two eachof which isconnected a blade III. The hubs 2 are rotatably mounted upon the shafts III and the blades III may swing. These blades are are shaped and their outer peripheries coincide with the curvature of the interior of the cylinder I. In operation the blades trail behind the shafts IIO as the mixer rotates and are moved outwardly in contact with the cylinder by centrifugal force. or inclined for the plane of rotation, some of the blades being inclined in the direction to advance the cylinder contents and others being oppositely inclined to retard the contents, for the purpose hereafter explained (see Figs. 6 and 9). Each of the hubs I00 as well as a collar Ill permanently fixed on the shaft 33 against the coupling 05 and holding the disk I06 in place, is provided with an extension Ill (see Fig. 8). The adjacent extensions IIB engage each other when the device is assembled and each abutting pair of extensions provides an annular groove in which is located a loose mixing disk III which has the central opening Ill considerably larger than the shaft and also larger than the diameter of the extensions lit so that it may move laterally of the shaft when assembled. The loose mixing disks I I1 are weighted at one side by weights I I! and when in operation these weights tend to move the disks downwardly into contact with the lower part of the cylinder and to prevent or retard their rotation. The blades of all the mixing disks I05, I08 and I I1 and the blades of the heads Illa are all inclined in the same direction which serves to advance the contents of the cylinder from the inner end to the outer feed end thereof as they rotate but as before stated, the blades I II are inclined some in one direction and some in the other so that some of them will advance the contents of the cylinder from the inner to the outer end while others act to retard or give reverse movement to the contents. Although the loose mixing disks I" have their blades inclined in the same direction as'the others the fact that they do .not'rotate or rotate more slowlythan disks on each side of them breaks up the'mixture and tends to retard its advance movement.

The action of the foregoing structure is to thoroughly mix and agitate the contents of the cylinder I as the-mixing device is rotated. Some of the mixing devices advance the contents while others reverse or retard its flow with the result that the mixture is not only thoroughly mixed but also requires a longer time to pass from the entrance end of the cylinder to the outlet end.

This length of time is most desirable because it.

device will carry the contents forwardly and up-' wardly and flow it out through the spout I20 when so located. The head 3| is held in place by screws I22 which .when removed permit ready removal of the head and upon removal of the I II' is a plurality of hubs The blades are. curved withdrawn for cleaning.

m is a. a may in oi good heat conductivity such as aluminum and this metal is therefore in intimate contact with the cooling coil III and the shell Ill and aids inheat conductivity. This whole cooling unit is preferably surrounded by a Jacket Ill containing insulating material III which prevents entrance of heat from the exterior and improves the eiilciency of the device.

The water cooler I -Is especially designed for eiiicient operation and comprises a tank surrounded by a iacket Ill containing insulating material I81. The cooling unit in the tank Ill comprises a series of helical pipe coils I", I, I and I, each progressively surrounding the other and separawd by cylindrical partitions I". An inner cylinder I is also provided. The spaces between the respective partitions I42 and the inner cylinder I and the outside of the tank Iii-therefore each contain a helical coil in contact with the walls of the cylinder and partitions thus forming helical passageways Ill between the pipe coils for the passage of water and the partitions and inner cylinder are provided with passageways I from one space to the other. The respective pipe coils are connected to each other so that a continuous flow of refrigerant is provided from the inlet pipe II to the outlet pipe 2.. v

For most eilicient operation it .is preferred to have the refrigerant enter through the pipe II into the inner coil I from which it passes successively through the coils III, I to the outer coil III from where it is emitted through the pipe 2|. The water is introduced to the outer space through the pipe I from where it follows its helical path following the coils of the pipe until it reaches the interior of the inner cylinder I from where it, oil through the pipe 0. By this g means the warm water entering the cooler engages the outer refrigerating coil which has lost some of its refrigerating capacity and as the water progresses into the inner part of the cooler it progressively contacts cooler portions of the coils until it reaches the inner cylinder in from which it is drawn oil and which cylinder is surrounded by the coil containing the incoming refrigerant and which is the coldest. In this way the water has reached its lowest temperature at the point from where it is drawn on.

The valves II, It and II which control the flow of refrigerant are electrically operated and are closed when de-energized and opened when enerasssms mm is and all of the our gized. The electric current to these valves is a controlled by pressure operated switches I3, II

and II. The valves and switches are convention- 'al and well understood by those skilled in the art excepting for an addition to the switch It hereafter described.

The switch It (Fig. 15) comprises a casing I" in which is mounted a fixed electrical contact Iii and a pivoted lever I52 on which is the movin contact I". Each of the contacts III and III.

is in electrical circuit with the conductors I54 and I". A bellows I56 is mounted on the casing III! and has a tube I51 communicating with its interior. A pin it. is fixed to the movable end of the bellows and moves with expansion and contraction thereof.

A bell crank having arms I and I" is pivotedat III andhasitsarm Illeugagedbythe pin Illand its arm I connected by a link Ill to the contact lever III; A spring I was downwardlyuponthearm Illandhasitsupper end seated upon a nutl adjustably mounted onarod ill.-

A bulb I'll (l 'lgs. 2 and 6) is associated with the freezing cylinder I by being imbedad in the covering body'lll thereof and'is in communication with the bellows I" through the tube III. ThetubeIl'Lthehub Illandthebellows Iltcontain iiuid hermetically sealed therein which is expansible under increased temperature. Therefore increased temperature at the cylinder I expands the fluid in the bulb Ill and exerts pressure to expand the bellows Ill moving the bell crank Ill and I". This movement is transmitted through the link It! to the contact lever II! moving the contact points III and I" into engagement and closing the electric circuit. The spring I is placed under the proper tension so that a predetermined degree of heat at the freesing cylinder I will cause the spring I to become compressed sumciently to contact the points Ill and I" to close the circuit. This closing of the circuit opens the refrigerant valves II and ii permitting compressed refrigerant to enter the coil If! and evaporated refrigerant to pass from the coil through the pipe -IO.

It.is desired that the freezing cylinder I be cooled to a lower temperature while it is in operation than while it is idle and for that purpose a solenoid magnet having a coil I" (Fig. 15) is provided on the switch ll.

The movable core I" of the magnet is connected by a spring I" to the arm ll! of the bell crank. When the coil I'll is de-energized the spring I" exerts no effort against the arm II. but when the solenoid coil is energized and moves the core I'll upward the spring I" is caused to exert an upward pull upon the arm III to partly counteract the opposite action of the spring I" thereby requiring less pressure in the bellows Ill to move the bell crank and connecting parts to close the electric circuit. By this means the circuit will be closed to actuate the valves It and 21 at a lower temperature at the freezing qylinder I when the solenoid magnet I" Is energized.

closing at different pressures in the bellows. This switch actuates the valve I! which opens and closes the refrigerant outlet pipe 20 from the water cooler. It has been determined that the temperature can be controlled by opening and closing the outlet pipe only. A bulb I" (Fig. 13) containing expansible iiuid and connected by a tube III to the bellows of the switch It is located at a point where it will be readily affected by the temperature in the water cooler. as being immersed in the water therein.

The switch 23 actuating the valve It is identical with the switch It excepting that the pressure to actuate the bellows is derived from excessive refrigerant pressure in return pipe I. with which the bellows of the switch 23 is directly connected by a tube I".

The source of electric current to operate the motor and the valves I5, I8 and 2| is through two conductors I and I 9| which are connected with a suitable source of supply. The conductor l9l extends directly to the motor 80 while the conductor I99 is-in communication with the motor by a conductor I92 through a manual switch I99. The solenoid magnet I obtains its current from the conductor I9I through a conductor I94 and is connected with thefconductor I99 by a conductor I95 through the switch I93. Thereby it will be seen that when the motor is operated by closing the switch I99 the solenoid magnet of the switch I4 is also energized to attain the decreased temperature desired in the cylinder I during operation as explained. When the switch I93 is opened and the motor is stopped the solenoid magnet I15 is de-energized and the switch actuates under tension of the spring I99 only.

The switch I4 obtains its current from the conductor I99 through the conductor I9I. in which is interposed one blade of the manual double pole switch 22. The current is delivered from the switch I4 through a conductor I99 to the valve I9 from where it passes through a conductor I91 to the conductor I9I. The current is also delivered from the conductor I99 to a conductor I99 which joins the conductor I99 and which extends to the valve 2I. The return connection from the valve 21 is through a conductor I99 and to the conductor I9I through one of the blades of the double pole switch 22 which is interposed between the conductor I99 and the conductor I9I.

The pressure actuated switch 29 is interposed in the connection from the conductor I99 to the valves I9 and 2I. A conductor 299 connects the conductor I99 to the switch 29 and a conductor 29I connects the'switch 29 to the conductors I99 and I99 leading to the switches I9 and 2| from which switches connection is made respectively through the conductors I91 and I99 to the conductor I9I.

The source of electric current for actuating the compressor 1 of the electric refrigerating system and the control thereof has not been shown or described inasmuch as this compressor and its operation are entirely conventional and well understood by those skilled in the Operation Assuming that the machine is in readiness for operation and provided with the proper electrical and water connections and with powder containing the desired ingredients in the hopper 2, the water cooler 9 and the freezing cylinder I have been cooled to their proper temperatures as controlled by their respective switches and refrigerant valves.

The water cooler 9 and its contents of water are maintained at the desired temperature under control of the thermostat bulb I99 withinthe cooler and the switch I9 which controls actuation of the valve I9 in the pipe 29 that returns expanded refrigerant from the cooler to the compressor. When the temperature within the cooler rises above the desired degree the valve I9 willbe opened permitting vaporized refrigerant to pass from the coils In the cooler which permits compressed refrigerant to enter the coils and lower the temperature. For the product which has been" manufactured with this machine. the waterin the cooler has been maintained at slightly above freezing temperature or The freezing cylinder when idle, and for the product which has been made in this machine, is

approximately 34. 'This temperature may be varied according to requirements but in most cases it will be desirable to have the water enter the freezing cylinder at as low a temperature as possible without freezing.

maintained at a temperature of about 26. This temperature is under control of the thermostatic bulb I19 adjacent the cylinder and the switch I4. The switch I4 controls the refrigerant valves I9 and 2I simultaneously, the valve 2| being located in the compressed refrigerant feed pipe I2 while the valve I9 is in the expanded refrigerant return pipe l9. When the temperature in the freezing cylinder rises above the desired degree the switch will open both valves I9 and 2I which permits compressed refrigerant to enter the expansion coils I29 of the cylinder and expanded refrigerant to escape from the coils.

When it is desired to manufacture and dispense the product the manual electric switch I99 is closed. Closing this switch starts operation of the motor 99 and also energires the solenoid magnet I19 of the switch I4 which acts to reduce the temperature in the cylinder at which the switch opens to about 24 as has been explained.

The operation of the motor 99 rotates the shafts 92 and 99. The shaft 99 is the water pump shaft which actuates the pump 9 and takes water in measured quantities from the chamber 99 delivering it to the water cooler and at the same time forcing an equal quantity of cold water from the cooler through the pipe 9 into the rear end of the freezing cylinder through the spout 94. At the same time the pump shaft 99 rotates the spur wheel 49 which turns the disk 91 bringing its notches 98 into register with the opening 99 in the bottom of the hopper and pushes the powder from the notches 99 through the opening 99 from where it falls through the spout 94 into the freezing cylinder and mixes with the water.

During rotation of the spur wheel 49 and the disk 91, the spoked wheel 41 is caused to rotate with the disk 91 keeping the powder stirred to avoid any caking or cavitating of it. The eccentrically mounted roller 49 turning in the vertical slot 49 of the housing 99, causes the housing and its attached agitator 42 to oscillate above the disk and further keep the powder agitated to assure that the notches 99 will be filled.

The shaft 92 rotates the mixing and feeding device mounted upon it within the cylinder. The inclined vanes on the disks I99 and I99 move the contents of the cylinder forwardly as do also the inclined vanes on the disk shaped heads Ill. The loose disks I I1 which either remain stationary or rotate more slowly than the disk I99 and the heads I99, between which they are located, tend to retard the advance movement of the contents of the cylinder, delaying its progress and resulting in more thorough mixture. The blades I I9 rotate with their outer edges in contact with the cylinder wall and, being curved or inclined relative to the plane of rotation, some in one direction and some in the other direction, move the mixture forward and backward in the cylinder as they rotate which also delays advance of the contents and thoroughly mixes and aerates it.- By this backward and forward movement of the cylinder contents it is retained in the cylinder a sumcient length of time and is repeatedly brought into contact with the cold cylinder wall so that when it finally reaches the outer delivery end of the cylinder it has'obtained its proper consistencyand coldness.

The mixer may be rotated more rapidly than.

the ordinary mixer of a conventional ice cream freezer because the forward and backward movement of the contents caused by the blades being inclined in different directions prevents the body of the mixture from attaining a high rotative speed which would tend to carry it through the machine too rapidly. This higher speed also maintains the mixture near the cylinder wall 7 where it will cool more rapidly.

When the product reaches the outer end of the cylinder it will be delivered from the spout I20 as the shaft I2 rotates. caused because there is a somewhat greater action of the mixing and feeding devices to move the contents toward the delivery end of the machinethan to move it in the opposite direction. Therefore when it is desired to dispense the product, after the machine has been operated sufficiently to manufacture the proper amount of contents in the cylinder, the operator merely opens the closure III over the spout I20 and closes the switch I. This delivery of the product may continue for any desired time. The machine has been properly designed and proportioned so that if it is run constantly the powder and water entered at the rear of the cylinder will become completely mixed and cooled to the proper degree by the time they have reached the outlet end of the cylinder. On the other hand This delivery is if it is only desired to draw 03 one or two glasses of the product the operation of the machine may be stopped after that has been done by opening the switch is! which automatically permits the temperature of the cylinder contents to rise somewhat and the machine with its contents may be left idle for a long period and the contents preserved at the proper temperature therein and be immediately available for delivery when desired.

For sanitary purposes, and to meet the requirements of laws governing the operation and public use of machines of this nature, it is necessary to clean the machine at intervals. The hopper, including its bottom ll, may be removed simply by lifting it from the pin ll. In doing this the spur wheel 40 is removed from its driving connection with the shaft BI. The mixing wheel 41 and the agitator 42 and housing 39 and the feed disk I! all lift out of place from the hopper for easy cleaning. These parts are reassembled in the same simple manner by simply placing them successively in their proper locations.

Before cleaning the cylinder its contents are removed by operation of the motor ll and the shaft 32 but without feeding water or powder to the cylinder by rotation of the shaft ii. To accomplish this the lever 81 is mowed to a position in which the idler pulley ll will release the tension on the belt I! so that rotation of the shaft 32 will not be transmitted to the shaft II.

By operation in this manner the greater part of,

the contents of the cylinder may be dispensed before cleaning and without waste.

After the bulk of the contents of the cylinder has been removed as above described, water is admitted through the pipe 24 by opening the valve 25 and the motor is operated to rotate the shaft 32 and the mixing devices upon the shaft 33 within the cylinder in the presence of water which will result in a preliminary cleaning or rinsing of the parts. While-this cleaning is being done the manual switch 22 is opened which makes the switch ll ineffective and also breaks the electric circuit to the valve 2| causing it to remain closed. Thus increased temperature, in the cylinder I, although it expands the fluid in the bulb I'll, has

asaasss no effect upon the operation of the valves II and 2! because the electric circuit to the switch I has been broken. However the-compressed refrigerant which has been admitted to the expansion coil III previous to opening th switch 22 and thereby trapped between the valves II and It may expand and cause abnormal and dangerous pressure. To avoid this the switch 13. actuated by pressure in the return line ahead of the valve II, will close upon attainmentof such pressure causing the valve it, which it controls. to open and relieve the pressure to the compressor I. Inasmuch as the feed valve II is also in the same operating circuit as the return valve il,

and it is not desired to introduce more compressed refrigerant into the cylinder evaporator during the cleaning operation, the return circuit I of the valv ll is broken upon opening the switch 22. After the desired rinsing of the cylinder and the parts within it has been done the motor I! is stopped and the outer cylinrer head II removed byremoving the screws H2. The shaft 38 and the parts upon it may then be pulled outwardly and removed from the cylinder and each individual part removed from th shaft and cleaned.

'The entire outer end of the cylinderhaving thus been opened its interior is easily accessible for recleaning. When the hopper has been removed from the upper end of the spout 84, the spout is accessible for cleaning. Reassembly of the parts is done simply by putting them together in the reverse manner from which they were disassembled.

and is to be considered comprehensive of all forms of structure coming within their scope.

I claim:

1. A machine of the class described comprising. a cooling chamber, means. for mixing ingredients in and for delivering the finished product from said cooling chamber, power means foroperating said mixing and delivering means, means for cooling said cooling chamber, control means for controlling the temperature of said cooling chamber including means for changing the temperature atwhich said cooling means will maintain the cooling chamber and a manually operated means controlling the said power means and said temperature control means, whereby the power means may be made to start or stop said mixing means and simultaneously the cooling means will be caused to raise or lower the temperature of said cooling chamber.

V 2. A machine of the class described comprlsinl.

a mixing and cooling chamber adapted to receive food ingredients to be chilled. mixed and aerated and having an inlet'near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means operable to maintain said chamber at a substantially constant temperature, and a mixing and advancing device in said chamber comprising a rotatable shaft extending from a point near said inlet to a point near said outlet, a plurality of disk rotatably fixed to said shaft having vanes at their peripheries inclined in a direction relative to the rotation of said shaft to advance the contents of the chamber from said inlet to said outlet and disks surrounding said shaft and unconnected therefrom interposed between said first named disks, said unconnected disks also having inclined and having an inlet near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means encircling said chamber and comprising refrigerant coils in contact with the chamber wall, and a jacket of high heat conductivity metal filling the interstices between coils and uniting the coils with the chamber wall whereby to uniformly cool the chamber wall, and agnixing and advancing device in said chamber adapted to bring the food ingredients entering at said inlet progressively into contact with the chamber wall from the inlet end to the outlet end of the chamber, said device comprising a rotatable shaft extending from a point near said inlet to a point near said outlet, blade supports carried by said shaft and a plurality of blades pivotally mounted on said supports and extending therefrom in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said shaftwhereby to press out against the chamber wall by centrifugal force, said blades having trailing portions extending out of the plane of rotation of the leading ends in a direction lengthwise of .the shaft. I

5. A machine for mixing and freezing food ingredients and delivering them as a smooth semifrozen mass comprising a mixing and cooling chamber adapted to receive said food ingredients and having an inlet near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means encircling said chamber and comprising refrigerant coils in contact with the chamber wall, and a jacket of high heat conductivity metal filling the interstices between coils and uniting the coils with the chamber wall whereby to uniformly cool the chamber wall, and a mixing and advancing device in said chamber adapted to bring the food ingredients entering at said inlet progressively into contact with the chamber wall from the inlet, end to the outlet end of the chamber, said device comprising a rotatable shaft extending from a point near said inlet to a point near said outlet, blade supports carried by said shaft and a plurality of blades pivotally mounted on said supports and extending therefrom in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said shaft whereby to press out against the chamber wall by centrifugal force, said blades having trailing portions extending out of the plane of rotation of the leading ends in a direction lengthwise of the shaft, some of said blades having the trailing portions thereof extending toward the inlet end of the chamber and other blades having the trailing portions thereof extending toward the outlet end of the chamber.

6. A machine for mixing and freezing food ingredients and delivering them as a smooth semifrozen mass comprising a mixing and cooling chamber adapted to receive said food ingredients and having an inlet near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means encircling said chamber whereby to uniformly cool the chamber wall, and a mixing andadvancing device in said chamber adapted to bring the food ingredients entering at said inlet progressively into contact with the chamber wall from the inlet end to the outlet end of the chamber, said device comprising a rotatable shaft extending from a point near said inlet to a point near said outlet, blade supports carried by said shaft and a plurality of blades pivotally mounted on said supports and extending therefrom in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said shaft whereby to press out against the chamber wall by centrifugal force, said blades having trailing portions extending out of the plane of rotation of the leading ends in a direction lengthwise of the shaft.

'7. A machine for mixing and freezing food ingredients and delivering them as a smooth semifrozen mass comprising a mixing and cooling chamber adapted to receive said food ingredients and having an inlet near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means encircling said chamber whereby to uniformly cool the chamber wall, and a mixing and advancing device in said chamber adapted to bring the food ingredients entering at said inlet progressively into contact with the chamber wall from the inlet end to the outlet end of the chamber, said device comprising a rotatable shaft extending from a point near said inlet to a point near said outlet, blade supports carried by said shaft and a plurality of blades pivotally mounted on said supports and extending therefrom in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said shaft whereby to press out against the chamber wall by centrifugal force, said blades having trailing portions extending out of the plane of rotation of the leading ends in a direction lengthwise of the shaft, some of said blades having the trailin portions thereof extending toward the inlet end of the chamber and other blades having the trailing portions thereof extending toward the outlet end of the chamber.

8. A machine of the class described, comprising a cooling chamber, means for agitating a beverage mixture therein and outlet means for the discharge of said mixture, power means for operat ing said agitating means, means for cooling said cooling chamber, and control means for said cooling means including a device to change the rate at which said cooling means will extractheat from said cooling chamber, and means to start and stop said mixing means operably connected with said rate changing device to cause its actuation.

9. A beverage compounding and delivering machine, comprising a cooling chamber, means for mixing ingredients in said cooling chamber, said chamber having an entrance for the ingredients and an outlet for the finished product, a powder measuring and delivering device operable to deliver a powdered ingredient into said entrance, a liquid measuring and delivering device operable to deliver a liquid ingredient into said entrance,

power means driving said mixing means and said measuring and delivering devices, cooling means operable to keep the temperature of said chamber at either of two levels, and a control means for said power means and said cooling means operable to cause the cooling means to maintain the chamber at the lower temperature level only while the power means is operating.

10. A method of making and delivering a semifrozen beverage which comprises repeatedly measuring unit quantities of a powdered ingredient and simultaneously measuring unit quantities of liquid, then bringing the measured quantities into a mixing chamber and continuously mixing, aerating and cooling the delivered powdered ingredient and liquid until a smooth semiiroeen consistency is reached, end delivering the finished product in a. continuous stream.

11. A machine of the class described comprising, a mixing and cooling chamber odspted to receive food ingredients to, be chilled. mixed and aerated and having an inlet near one end and an outlet near its opposite end, cooling means operoble to maintain said chamber at I. substantially constant temperature, and a mixing and advsnc- FRED R. HOOP. 

